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Experimental and numerical assessment of MRI-induced temperature change and SAR distributions in phantoms
(Springer Verlag, 2017-06)During an MR procedure, most of the transmitted RF power is transformed into heat within the patient’s tissue and implants as a result of resistive losses which is referred to as the specific energy absorption rate (SAR) ... -
Ignition characteristics of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran: An experimental and kinetic study
(Elsevier, 2016-10-10)The present paper elucidates oxidation behavior of 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (2-MTHF), a novel second-generation biofuel. New experimental data sets for 2-MTHF including ignition delay time measurements in two different ... -
An RCM experimental and modeling study on CH4 and CH4/C2H6 oxidation at pressures up to 160 bar
(Elsevier, 2017-06-13)The oxidation of CH4 and CH4/C2H6 mixtures were studied at pressures relevant to knocking in large bore natural gas engines. The experiments were carried out in a rapid compression machine (RCM) at end of compression (EOC) ... -
Simplified approach to the prediction and analysis of temperature inhomogeneity in rapid compression machines
(American Chemical Society, 2015-11-03)Substantial progress has been made in understanding and reducing temperature inhomogeneity in rapid compression machines (RCMs) with the help of computational modeling. To date, however, it has not been possible to investigate ... -
Assessing the predictions of a NOx kinetic mechanism on recent hydrogen and syngas experimental data
(Elsevier, 2017-05-02)A detailed chemical kinetic mechanism has been developed to describe the pyrolysis and oxidation of the hydrogen/NOx and syngas/NOx systems. The thermodynamic data of nitrogenous compounds have been updated based on the ... -
An experimental and modelling study of n-pentane oxidation in two jet-stirred reactors: The importance of pressure-dependent kinetics and new reaction pathways
(Elsevier, 2016-06-16)Two jet-stirred reactors (JSRs) coupled to gas chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques have been utilised to detect chemical species evolved during n -pentane oxidation at 1 and 10 atm, in the temperature range 500-1100 ... -
A comprehensive iso-octane combustion model with improved thermochemistry and chemical kinetics
(Elsevier, 2017-02-05)Iso-Octane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane) is a primary reference fuel and an important component of gasoline fuels. Moreover, it is a key component used in surrogates to study the ignition and burning characteristics of gasoline ... -
Cyclopentane combustion. Part II. Ignition delay measurements and mechanism validation
(Elsevier, 2017-06-12)This study reports cyclopentane ignition delay measurements over a wide range of conditions. The measurements were obtained using two shock tubes and a rapid compression machine, and were used to test a detailed low- and ... -
Probing the antagonistic effect of toluene as a component in surrogate fuel models at low temperatures and high pressures. A case study of toluene/dimethyl ether mixtures
(Elsevier, 2016-07-12)There is a dearth of experimental data which examine the fundamental low-temperature ignition (T < 900 K) behavior of toluene resulting in a lack of data for the construction, validation, and interpretation of chemical ... -
Chemical kinetics of hydrogen atom abstraction from allylic sites by 3O2; Implications for combustion modelling and simulation
(American Chemical Society, 2017-02-14)ABSTRACT: Hydrogen atom abstraction from allylic C−H bonds by molecular oxygen plays a very important role in determining the reactivity of fuel molecules having allylic hydrogen atoms. Rate constants for hydrogen atom ... -
Toward the development of a fundamentally based chemical model for cyclopentanone: high-pressure-limit rate constants for H atom abstraction and fuel radical decomposition
(American Chemical Society, 2016-08-25)Theoretical aspects of the development of a chemical kinetic model for the pyrolysis and combustion of a cyclic ketone, cyclopentanone, are considered. Calculated thermodynamic and kinetic data are presented for the first ... -
Modeling nitrogen species as pollutants: thermochemical influences
(American Chemical Society, 2016-08-22)To simulate emissions of nitrogen-containing compounds in practical combustion environments, it is necessary to have accurate values for their thermochemical parameters, as well as accurate kinetic values to describe the ... -
Detailed emissions prediction for a turbulent swirling nonpremixed flame
(American Chemical Society, 2013-12-28)This paper describes the validation of a previously described CFD-CRN method (computational fluid dynamics-chemical reactor network) for emissions predictions for the laboratory benchmark TECFLAM S09c flame. It details CFD ... -
Bumblebee colony development following chronic exposure to field-realistic levels of the neonicotinoid pesticide thiamethoxam under laboratory conditions
(Nature Publishing Group, 2017-08-20)Neonicotinoid pesticides are used in agriculture to reduce damage from crop pests. However, beneficial insects such as bees can come into contact with these pesticides when foraging in treated areas, with potential ... -
Bioreactor scalability: laboratory-scale bioreactor design influences performance, ecology, and community physiology in expanded granular sludge bed bioreactors
(Frontiers Media, 2017)Studies investigating the feasibility of new, or improved, biotechnologies, such as wastewater treatment digesters, inevitably start with laboratory-scale trials. However, it is rarely determined whether laboratory-scale ... -
Methods and techniques employed to monitor and manage carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) induced seismicity
(GNS Science, 2016)This report discusses the topic of induced seismicity resulting from the operations of subsurface CO2 injection at Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) sites. The potential for induced seismicity to occur in CCS projects is ... -
Determination of survival of wildtype and mutant Escherichia coli in soil
(Bio-protocol, 2017-07-20)E. coli resides in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other warm-blooded animals but recent studies have shown that E. coli can persist and grow in various external environments including soil. The general stress ... -
Evolution and diversity of plant cell walls: from algae to flowering plants
(Annual Reviews, 2011-02-22)All photosynthetic multicellular Eukaryotes, including land plants and algae, have cells that are surrounded by a dynamic, complex, carbohydrate-rich cell wall. The cell wall exerts considerable biological and biomechanical ... -
Feasibility of storing carbon dioxide on a tectonically active margin: New Zealand
(American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015-09-13)New Zealand's sedimentary basins was found to have available several gigatonnes of CO2 storage capacity. However, CO2 storage is currently untested in New Zealand. The country's position on an active Neogene plate boundary ... -
Damaged beyond repair? Characterising the damage zone of a fault late in its interseismic cycle, the Alpine Fault, New Zealand
(Elsevier, 2016-07-25)X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans of drill-core, recovered from the first phase of the Deep Fault Drilling Project (DFDP-1) through New Zealand's Alpine Fault, provide an excellent opportunity to study the damage zone ...